hip PIRIFORMIS SYNDROME
DEFINITION:
- The piriformis muscle attaches from the sacrum to the outer hip. (See illustration).
- Tightness of the muscle results in pressure on the sciatic nerve as it travels underneath the piriformis muscle.
MECHANISM OF INJURY / HOW IT OCCURS:
- Often seen in runners and overuse activities affecting the gluteus musculature which can lead to muscle spasm and subsequent pressure on the sciatic nerve.
SYMPTOMS:
- Individuals will often complain of pain in the gluteal/buttock region.
- Complaints of “sciatica” are often made.
DIAGNOSIS:
- Physical examination will reveal tenderness in the gluteal region.
- This syndrome may present with similar symptoms to conditions such as herniated lumbar disc and therefore a thorough evaluation of the spine is required.
TREATMENT/REHABILITATION:
- Stretching and strengthening are important in the treatment and prevention of piriformis syndrome.
- Emphasis is placed on the hip rotator muscles of which the piriformis is one. (See exercises for piriformis syndrome).